OCD

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterised by unwanted, recurring thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions). These obsessions and compulsions can be distressing and time-consuming, often interfering with daily activities and responsibilities. Individuals with OCD may feel compelled to perform certain rituals or behaviours to reduce anxiety or prevent a feared event, even if they recognise that these fears are irrational.

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Common symptoms of OCD may include:

Persistent, unwanted thoughts or images
Repetitive behaviors or mental rituals (e.g., hand-washing, counting, checking)
Fear of contamination or germs
Excessive need for order or symmetry
Distress when routines are disrupted
Fear of causing harm to oneself or others
Difficulty tolerating uncertainty

OCD is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors:

Genetic predisposition
Brain structure and functioning abnormalities
History of trauma or stressful life events
Family history of OCD or other mental health conditions
Personality traits such as perfectionism
Childhood infections (e.g., PANDAS)

Impact on daily life

OCD can significantly impact an individual's daily life, leading to distress and disruption. The compulsions and obsessions associated with OCD can consume hours of a person's day, making it difficult to fulfill responsibilities at work, school, or home. Social interactions may become strained as individuals with OCD may avoid certain situations that trigger their anxiety, leading to isolation. The ongoing battle with unwanted thoughts and compulsions can result in chronic stress, exhaustion, and red...

FAQs

Can OCD be cured? While there is no definitive cure for OCD, effective treatments are available that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
What types of therapy are effective for OCD? Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), specifically Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), is highly effective in treating OCD. Other approaches like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) can also be beneficial.
Is medication necessary for treating OCD? Medication, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can be helpful for some individuals, especially when combined with therapy.
How common is OCD? OCD affects about 1-2% of the population, and it can occur in both children and adults.